Alleima®3R65 Tube and pipe, seamless
2022-10-26 13:36
(supersedes all previous editions)
Alleima® 3R65 is a molybdenum-alloyed austenitic stainless chromium-nickel steel with a low carbon content.
Standards
-
ASTM: TP316L, TP316 -
UNS: S31603, S31600 -
EN Number: 1.4404, 1.4401 -
EN Name: X2CrNiMo17-12-2, X5CrNiMo17-12-2 -
W.Nr.: 1.4404, 1.4401 -
DIN: X 2 CrNiMo 17 13 2, X 5 CrNiMo 17 12 2 -
SS: 2348 -
AFNOR: Z 2 CND 17.12, Z 6 CND 17.11 -
BS: 316S11
Product standards
- ASTM A213, A269, A312
- EN 10216-5
- BS 3605, BS 3606
- DIN 17456, 17458
- NFA 49-117, 49-217
- SS 14 23 48
Chemical composition (nominal)
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤0.030 | 0.4 | 1.7 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.015 | 17 | 11.5 | 2.1 |
Applications
Alleima® 3R65 is used in a wide variety of industrial applications. Typical examples are heat exchangers, condensers, pipelines, cooling and heating coils in the chemical, petrochemical, pulp and paper and food industries.
Corrosion resistance
°General corrosion
Alleima® 3R65 has good resistance to:
- Organic acids at high concentrations and temperatures, with the exception of formic acid and acids with corrosive contaminants
- Inorganic acids, e.g. phosphoric acid, at moderate concentrations and temperatures, and sulfuric acid below 20% at moderate temperatures. The steel can also be used in sulfuric acid of concentrations above 90% at low temperature
- Salt solutions, e.g. sulfates, sulfides and sulfites
Intergranular corrosion
Pitting and crevice corrosion
Resistance of these types of corrosion improves with molybdenum content. Alleima® 3R65 has substantially higher resistance to attack than steels of type AISI 304.
Stress corrosion cracking
Austenitic steels are susceptible to stress corrosion cracking. Stress corrosion cracking may occur if the steel is simultaneously exposed to the following:- Tensile stresses
- Certain solutions, particularly those containing chlorides
- Temperatures above 60oC (140oF)
Gas corrosion
Alleima® 3R65 can be used in
- Air up to 850oC (1560oC)
- Steam up to 750oC (1380oF)
Bending
Annealing after cold bending is not normally necessary, but this point must be decided with regard to the degree of bending and the operating conditions. Heat treatment, if any, should take the form of stress-relieving or solution annealing, see under "Heat treatment".
Hot bending is carried out at 1100-850°C (2010-1560°F) and should be followed by solution annealing.
Forms of supply
Seamless tube and pipe- Finishes and dimensions
Seamless tube and pipe in 3R65 is supplied in dimensions up to 260 mm outside diameter in the solution annealed and white-pickled condition or in the bright-annealed condition.
Other forms of supply
We can also deliver other product forms from stock in a grade corresponding to 316L mainly:
- Welded tube and pipe
- Fittings and flanges
- Bar steel
Heat treatment
The tubes are delivered in heat treated condition. If additional heat treatment is needed after further processing the following is recommended.
Stress relieving
850-950°C (1560-1740°F), 10-15 minutes, cooling in air.
Solution annealing
1000-1100°C (1830-2010°F), 5-20 minutes, rapid cooling in air or water.
Mechanical properties
For tube and pipe with wall thicknesses greater than 10 mm (0.4 in.) the proof strength may fall short of the stated values by about 10 MPa 2 (1.4 ksi).
At 20°C
| Proof strength | Tensile strength | Elong. | Hardness | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rp0.2a | Rp1.0a | Rm | Ab | A2" | HRB |
| MPa | MPa | MPa | % | % | |
| ≥220 | ≥250 | 515-690 | ≥45 | ≥35 | ≤90 |
At 68°F
| Proof strength | Tensile strength | Elong. | Hardness | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rp0.2a | Rp1.0a | Rm | Ab | A2" | HRB |
| ksi | ksi | ksi | % | % | |
| ≥32 | ≥35 | 75-100 | ≥45 | ≥35 | ≤90 |
1 MPa = 1 N/mm2
a) Rp0.2 and Rp1.0 correspond to 0.2% offset and 1.0% offset yield strength, respectively.
b) Based on L0 = 5.65 ÖS0 where L0 is the original gauge length and S0 the original cross-section area.
Impact strength
Due to its austenitic microstructure, Alleima® 3R65 has very good impact strength both at room temperature and at cryogenic temperatures.
Tests have demonstrated that the steel fulfils the requirements (60 J (44 ft-lb) at -196 oC (-320 oF)) according to the European standards EN 13445-2 (UFPV-2) and EN 10216-5.
At high temperatures
| Temperature | Proof strength | |
|---|---|---|
| °C | Rp0.2 | Rp1.0 |
| MPa | MPa | |
| min. | min. | |
| 50 | 200 | 230 |
| 100 | 180 | 215 |
| 150 | 165 | 195 |
| 200 | 150 | 180 |
| 250 | 140 | 170 |
| 300 | 130 | 160 |
| 350 | 120 | 150 |
| 400 | 115 | 145 |
| 450 | 115 | 145 |
| 500 | 110 | 140 |
| 550 | 110 | 140 |
| 600 | 95 | 120 |
| Temperature | Proof strength | |
|---|---|---|
| °F | Rp0.2 | Rp1.0 |
| ksi | ksi | |
| min. | min. | |
| 200 | 27 | 32 |
| 400 | 22 | 26 |
| 600 | 18 | 24 |
| 800 | 17 | 21 |
| 1000 | 16 | 20 |
Physical properties
Density: 8.0 g/cm3 , 0.29 lb/in3
| Temperature, °C | W/m °C | Temperature, °F | Btu/ft h °F |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 14 | 68 | 8 |
| 100 | 15 | 200 | 8.5 |
| 200 | 17 | 400 | 10 |
| 300 | 18 | 600 | 10.5 |
| 400 | 20 | 800 | 11.5 |
| 500 | 21 | 1000 | 12.5 |
| 600 | 23 | 1100 | 13 |
| Temperature, °C | J/kg °C | Temperature, °F | Btu/lb °F |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 485 | 68 | 0.11 |
| 100 | 500 | 200 | 0.12 |
| 200 | 515 | 400 | 0.12 |
| 300 | 525 | 600 | 0.13 |
| 400 | 540 | 800 | 0.13 |
| 500 | 555 | 1000 | 0.13 |
| 600 | 575 | 1100 | 0.14 |
| Temperature, °C | Per °C | Temperature, °F | Per °F |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30-100 | 16.5 | 86-200 | 9.5 |
| 30-200 | 17 | 86-400 | 9.5 |
| 30-300 | 17.5 | 86-600 | 10 |
| 30-400 | 18 | 86-800 | 10 |
| 30-500 | 18 | 86-1000 | 10 |
| 30-600 | 18.5 | 86-1200 | 10.5 |
| 30-700 | 18.5 | 86-1400 | 10.5 |
1) Mean values in temperature ranges (x10-6)
| Temperature, °C | MPa | Temperature, °F | ksi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 200 | 68 | 29.0 |
| 100 | 194 | 200 | 28.2 |
| 200 | 186 | 400 | 26.9 |
| 300 | 179 | 600 | 25.8 |
| 400 | 172 | 800 | 24.7 |
| 500 | 165 | 1000 | 23.5 |
1) (x103)
Welding
The weldability of Alleima® 3R65 is good. Welding must be carried out without preheating and subsequent heat treatment is normally not required. Suitable methods of fusion welding are manual metal-arc welding (MMA/SMAW) and gas-shielded arc welding, with the TIG/GTAW method as first choice.
For Alleima® 3R65, heat input of <2.0 kJ/mm and interpass temperature of <150°C (300°F) are recommended.
Recommended filler metals
TIG/GTAW or MIG/GMAW welding
ISO 14343 S 19 12 3 L / AWS A5.9 ER316L (e.g. Exaton 19.12.3.L)
MMA/SMAW welding
ISO 3581 E 19 12 3 L R / AWS A5.4 E316L-17(e.g. Exaton 19.12.3.LR)
ISO 14343 S 19 12 3 L / AWS A5.9 ER316L (e.g. Exaton 19.12.3.L) wire or strip electrodes are recommended for overlay welding of tube sheets and high-pressure vessels in cases where corrosion resistance, equal to that of Alleima® 3R65, is required.
Machining
Alleima® 3R65 has good machining properties. Tool and cutting data recommendations are the same as for steel 3R60 in brochure S-1462-ENG.
Disclaimer: Recommendations are for guidance only, and the suitability of a material for a specific application can be confirmed only when we know the actual service conditions. Continuous development may necessitate changes in technical data without notice. This datasheet is only valid for Alleima materials.
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